• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    System or method for the wired transfer of data, under real time conditions, from a large number of digital and / or analogue sensors, to a central unit for processing and / or storing that data, such as a DPU or a DAQD, where the sources and the central unit being close to each other and forming a system, within a relay house or relay box housing, which system is commercially associated with a railroad. In addition, a relay house or relay box housing with EtherCat system.
    公开号:NL2018835A
    申请号:NL2018835
    申请日:2017-05-02
    公开日:2017-11-10
    发明作者:Steentjes Noël
    申请人:Volkerrail Nederland Bv；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Relay house or relay box housing with EtherCat system.
    This invention relates to the wired transfer of data, under real time conditions, from a large number of digital and / or analogue measurement data sources, such as digital and / or analogue sensors, to a central unit for processing and / or storing that data , such as a DPÜ (data processing unit) or a DAQD (data acquisition device), where the sources and the central unit are close to each other and form a system, preferably within a relay house or relay box housing (hereinafter also called "housing") ), which system is commercially associated with a railroad, for example, disposed adjacent to a railroad. Other railway applications are also conceivable, for train, tram or metro, for passenger and freight transport, preferably with an overhead line above the railroad for the electrical supply of the train locomotive. The system preferably fits within a base that is a maximum of 100 or 50 or 25 meters long and a maximum of 100 or 50 or 25 or 15 meters wide, and / or may be located indoors or outdoors.
    It should be understood that "digital" also means a digital-like analog signal that has the function of presenting only two states, for example, "on" and "off" or "on" and "off", which states usually range from differ from each other and / or lead to considerably different sensor signals, for example "0 Volt" and "24 Volt". In general, such a sensor signal is presented as an analog signal to a digital input of a data processing unit and at or after that digital input the signal is digitized by an A / D converter to be further processed as a "real" digital signal by the digitally working computer processor. In contrast to "digital", "analog" means an analog signal which has the function of presenting many states, which usually differ little from each other and / or lead to few different sensor signals, for example a continuously variable between a minimum and maximum fluctuating value. such as a temperature or a current or voltage level. In general, such a sensor signal is presented as an analog signal to an analog input of a data processing unit and at or after that analog input the signal is digitized by an A / D converter to be processed as a digital signal by the digitally operating computer processor .
    By "wired transfer of data" it is preferably meant that the communication between the components of the system is via wiring, so preferably there is no wireless and / or radio communication.
    This document focuses primarily on a system installed in a house, such as a relay house or relay box house, ie an indoor system. The measures mentioned in connection with this also apply to the alternative outdoor system, or a system under a roof.
    The system, for example placed in a house, as a rule contains a large number of more than ten or one hundred galvanic relays of, for example, a railway protection installation. For example of the type of protection relay (so-called B relay, eg BI relay). The house is, for example, part of a railway application aimed at the control and control of points or level crossings, or for track occupancy reporting. For example, the housing contains at least ten of each of one or more of an override relay, voltage monitoring relay, control relay, control relay, track repeat relay (TPR) or track relay (the TR or the so-called B2-Vane relay is a widely used track relay, the track relay indicates whether or not a train is located in the relevant track section),
    In addition, the housing contains galvanic arrangements, such as power supply cables, for supplying electric motors with electrically current (in the technical language "motor current") for adjusting points and / or points, or moving barriers for railway crossings.
    A B relay is a relay with a safety function in a railway protection installation (including NX protection). B relays have a very high degree of reliability, and will last for decades if they are regularly overhauled. Important characteristics of B-relays are that they are guaranteed to fall off when the coil is de-energized, and that the break contacts (in jargon "back contact") open before the make contacts ("front contact") are closed. There are various types of B relays, with specific characteristics. The most commonly used type is the 56001-783Grl. This relay has two coils that operate on 12V DC, four change-over contacts ("whole contacts"), two make contacts and a break contact. Furthermore, there are B-relays that are delayed, delayed, suitable for large currents, etc. Another type of B relay is the track relay (TR). This relay is part of a track current loop, and is "up" if a track section is unoccupied, and drops out if the track section is occupied by a train. B relays, in particular the B2 of relays (the "track relay"), often use a movable element (in the B2 relay the "vane", or the "vane") that is sensitive to magnetism and a resetting force , for example gravity, so that when the magnetic field generated by the one or more coils of the B relay is lost, this element is no longer retained in a deflected position by the magnetic field and moves by the resetting force, such as gravity, so that it B relay switches. A so-called BL relay is usually equipped with a return spring.
    A protection relay is usually supplied in a sealed housing at the factory. The rear wall of the housing is usually equipped with contact ports corresponding to contact plugs (so-called terminals) protruding from a contact block (so-called plug board) in the relay box. A B relay is in that case placed by pressing its rear wall against the contact block so that the terminals are inserted into the contact ports so that the B relay, via wires connected to the terminals, is galvanically connected to the relevant circuit in which the B relay must be included. If the sealed housing is modified or damaged by the factory after delivery, or the seal is broken, the product in question will be rejected.
    The housing contains many digital and / or analogue sensors, for example at least fifty or a hundred, with which within the housing the functioning of the relays (for example the relay position) in the housing and of the electric motors (for example the motor current) outside the housing is monitored. The housing also contains temperature sensors, preferably of the NTC type. The signals from all of these sensors must be transmitted to a central collection point in the house, via measurement signal cables. As a rule, the relay position is detected by a digital sensor (usually produces a digital-like analog signal) and the motor current and temperature are detected by an analog sensor. Each sensor takes a measurement a number of times per second (this is also referred to as the "sampling rate") and sends the measurement data to the central collection point.
    It is customary, for example due to regulations, that each measuring signal is transferred to its central collection point by its own separate current or measuring wire, so that large amounts of separate electrical wires are present in the cable ducts, usually with a length of more than 5 meters and in some cases more than 10 or 20 meters, with a length of the order of 30 meters or more being no exception. Wires that are no longer used due to a repair or modification may not be removed from the cable duct due to regulations. Repairs and modifications usually add power wires or cables to the cable duct, so that, especially when no longer used power wires are allowed to be removed, it becomes increasingly full and ultimately overcrowded. In some cases, with repairs and modifications, the function of a power cord must be taken over by a power cable, so that it is permanently visible that a repair or modification has been carried out. Since a power cable is usually multi-core, while a power cord is single-core, and usually not all of the wires of the power cable are used (often only one or two of the minimum of four wires of the power cable are used), it becomes overcrowded of the cable duct.
    It must be clear that, for each measurement signal, two conductors or electric wires are generally required.
    Preferably, the power cables or wires between a frame and the central collection point extend into the space in the housing in which the frames and the central collection point are located, and / or are located in a cable duct.
    An alternative to the use of cable ducts is to place the power cables under the floor of the room in which the frames are located, for example in a basement. For example, power cables or wires are routed through the bottom of the frame into the basement and rise again at or below the system cabinet.
    The components to be monitored, and also the associated sensors, within the housing are located in frames, for example racks or relay boxes.
    The object of the invention is for the system, preferably within a relay or relay box housing, one or more of: making the monitoring of the components to be monitored safer and / or more reliable, such as relays and supply cables for electric changeover motors of points; more efficient use of hardware participating in data processing, such as data processing devices and data carrying power wires; low energy consumption; robust system; after putting the system inside the house into use, easy to repair and / or modify while maintaining performance and characteristics; low construction costs; less sensitive to one or more of disturbances, crosstalk, mechanical vibrations, temperature fluctuations; take into account existing regulations; another purpose, implicit or explicit, disclosed in this document.
    To that end, it is proposed to have a system, for example inside the housing, arranged for the signal transmission to be wired via an intermediate station, preferably a plurality of intermediate stations, wherein preferably a first group of a plurality of preferably at least ten sensors is connected to data communication a first intermediate station is connected via data wires or cables and a second group of a plurality of preferably at least ten sensors data-communicating to a second intermediate station and the first and second intermediate station are data-communicatingly connected to the central collection point via electrical wires or cables, the sensors preferably belong to either the first or the second group. The housing preferably comprises intermediate stations (also referred to as "module") of at least two types and / or at least two or three or four or five intermediate stations. The first and second intermediate stations are placed separately and preferably at a distance from each other, preferably at least 1 meter.
    An intermediate station preferably comprises one or more of: an A / D converter for digitizing the signals coming from the connected sensors; an ethernet-like output that is connected to the central collection point by a wire or cable; an electrical processor for processing the data from the sensors; means for real-time transfer of data to the central collection point, for example EtherCat like; means for wired receiving analog data from the sensors and wired sending digital data based on the received analog data to the central collection point; is associated with a single frame; is placed in or on a frame; is or is not the only intermediate station of the associated frame (for example, at least two or three or four intermediate stations with the same frame).
    Preferably, for at least one or two or three intermediate stations, the length of the one or more cables or wires for data communication with the central collection point is at least 5 or 10 or 20 meters.
    An additional advantage is that the number of power cables or wires for data communication running from the intermediate stations to the central collection point can be considerably less, in many cases less than half or a quarter.
    The invention can optionally increase the flexibility in designing the equipment to be placed in the housing.
    Preferably at least one or two separate measurement leads run from each sensor to the associated intermediate station. By applying the invention, it becomes possible to limit the number of power wires or cables in, for example, cable ducts, so that fewer or smaller cable ducts can suffice, which reduces the space requirement inside the housing. Cable ducts run for example from the central collection point, such as a system cabinet, towards the sensors. There is sufficient space in the frames (eg rack or relay box) in which the sensors are located for the measuring cables or wires that run from the sensors in the direction of the cable ducts. These measuring cables are connected to a module and from the module a smaller number, or a single communication cable, runs in the direction of the cable duct. By placing a module in the frame, the measuring cables remain within the frame and the number of cables (communication cables) running from the frames to the central collection point can be considerably reduced.
    For example, a module is a Sensor Interface Module (abbreviated: SIM) or a Digital Input Module (abbreviated: DIM). Measuring cables or wires from analogue sensors are connected to a SIM, which supply analogue measuring signals to the SIM. Measuring cables or wires from digital sensors are connected to a DIM, which supply digital measurement signals to the DIM.
    This makes it possible to place part of the functionality that is accommodated in a system cabinet according to the state of the art in a rack of a relay housing or in a relay cabinet of a relay cabinet housing, which functionality is preferably accommodated in one or more modules .
    A saving of space in the housing can be realized by the invention, for example less wall space is required. For example, fewer system cabinets are required, which can also be made smaller. System cabinets usually take up wall space, but wall space in a house is limited.
    In the central collection point, for example the system cabinet, there are preferably one or more, for example at least two or three, Data Processing Units (abbreviated: DPU) and optionally one or more Power Supply Units (abbreviated: PSU). The DPU receives the signals from the SIM and the DIM via the communication cables. The PSU supplies the galvanic power supply for one or more of the SIM, DIM and DPU. This power supply is preferably supplied from the PSU via a star network. Preferably, each module or central collection point (e.g. DPU) has its own power cable, which is connected to a PSU.
    Preferably a module or a DPU comprises one or more of an FPGA (Field Programmed Gate Array), CPU (Central Processing Unit) or microcontroller and computer memory, which are mutually connected for data transfer. The FPGA is a computer component that can be programmed on a hardware level and provides for fast data processing and therefore relieves the CPU.
    The central collection point of the state of the art is a so-called data logger. Depending on the required number of measurement channels (signal inputs) for temperature, analog and digital measurement signals, a type of data logger was selected. Known examples of data logger types are as follows (in brackets the number of signal inputs): K-logger2020 (2 temperature, 20 analog, 20 digital); G-logger3060 (2 temperature, 30 analog, 60 digital); G-logger6060 (4 temperature, 60 analog, 60 digital); G-logger30120 (2 temperature, 30 analog, 120 digital).
    According to the invention, a module of either analog or digital type, that is to say designed to receive either analog or digital measurement signals, is optionally combined with one or more inputs for temperature measurement signals. Temperature measurement signals are generally analog signals, but relatively weak in the case of, for example, an NTC temperature sensor, so that a separate input for the temperature sensor is more suitable. By applying analog and digital modules, it appears that a further saving on hardware within the house is possible, for example because the number of unused signal inputs can be reduced.
    The housing of the one module type, for example digital type, preferably comprises at least two, three or four times as many modules than of the other module type, for example analog type.
    For the hardware according to the invention, preferably one or more of the following applies: DPU (e.g. type MSOM) is connected to max. 6 SIM or max. 12 DIM or max. 8 combined SIM and DIM; SIM (for example type EAI 10): 1 temperature input / 10 analog inputs; DIM (for example type EDI10): 10 digital inputs; PSU 60W (for example type UNO 60W) is connected to a maximum of 5 SIM or DIM or 12 DPU or max. 3 combined SIM and DIM and DPU; PSU 150W (for example type UNO 150W) is connected to a maximum of 13 SIM or DIM or 30 DPU or a maximum of 10 combined SIM and DIM and DPU.
    The system according to the invention is preferably arranged for a sampling frequency of at least 1 kS / s (1,000 samples per second) or 1.5 kS / s or 2 kS / s per channel and / or for at least 50 or 60 channels. So at 2kS / s per channel and 66 channels, the system processes 132,000 samples per second. Preferably, each connected sensor has its own channel.
    To his surprise, the inventor has succeeded in developing a system that, by means of wired communication, ensures real-time transfer of data from the sensors, via the intermediate stations, to the central collection point, preferably where each sensor continuously performs measurements with per at least 1000 or 1500 or 1750 or 2000 measurement samples (also known as the "sampling rate") and this number of samples arrives at the central collection point in real time and is processed there, whereby all this data is transferred via wiring. Given the large number of sensors, the high sampling rate and the distance to be bridged from the frames to the central collection point, this was considered impossible.
    In a preferred embodiment the system comprises means for, under real time conditions: generating digital measurement data in the intermediate stations from the measurement signals of the sensors received at the input; transferring this digital measurement data via the output at the entrance of the central collection point; process these digital measurement data at the central collection point.
    For the system according to the invention, preferably one or more of the following applies: the scan engine (e.g. Ethercat) runs on top priority; use of the raw ethercat interface for more control over performance; use as little overhead as possible for the data, preferably 16 bits raw per channel instead of double (64 bits) per channel; of the dual core cpu one core is assigned to the ethercat processing; the ethercat processing has a high priority on the assigned core.
    A module is preferably configured as a slave and the DPU as a master.
    As a rule, the frames form rows with mutual spacing so that a technician can move between the frames to gain access to the components in the frames for, for example, repair work. A frame can be composed of juxtaposed, for example, separate frame parts, such as racks or relay boxes. For example, the housing contains at least 3 or 4 or 5 rows of frames and / or a frame is composed of at least 3 or 4 or 5 frame parts next to each other. A frame may or may not be grounded. For example, as a rule, a relay box is grounded and a rack is not grounded. As a rule, the components placed in the frames, such as relays, sensors, intermediate stations (for example DIM or SIM), are not grounded.
    For monitoring, the measuring wire or cable of the system is preferably connected to a free contact of the component to be monitored, for example B-relays, and / or the component to be monitored is associated with a separate sensor of the system.
    In one embodiment, a relay, for example track relay TR, is monitored by a torque measurement, for example by current clamps.
    In a preferred embodiment the invention is based on the insight of making the signals from the sensors digital as close as possible to the sensors, preferably in or on the frames, by means of an A / D converter. Alternatively or in combination with this, the invention is based on the insight into making the equipment directly connected to the sensors modular, by a module exclusively with inputs for digital or digital-like analog signals and a module with inputs for analog signals.
    The attached drawing shows the layout of a house in top view, showing in:
    FIG. 1 a prior art relay house;
    FIG. 2 a relay housing according to the invention;
    FIG. 3 a prior art relay box housing; and
    FIG. 4 a relay box housing according to the invention.
    FIG. 1-4 show frames in which relays are placed, and communication cables or wires run from the frames to system cabinets placed against the wall. A bundle of communication cables is represented by a single straight line and the number associated with a line indicates the number of cores in the bundle.
    The number of frames, components to be monitored therein and sensors associated therewith for providing the measurement signals for monitoring is the same for Figs. 1 and 2 and Figs. 3 and 4, respectively.
    In the case of Figs. 1 and 3, a much larger number of conductors arrive at the system cabinets in comparison with Figs. 2 and 4. The drawing thus gives an impression of the reduction in wires or cables running inside the housing.
    FIG. 2 and 4 show that frames are equipped with modules of type SIM and DIM. All the sensors belonging to the respective frame are connected via data wires via measuring wires or the modules associated with the frame. The modules are connected via communication cables to the equipment (DPU) in the system cabinets. The PSU located in the system cabinets provides the electrical supply to the measuring and data processing equipment in the system cabinets and frames.
    In FIG. 1 and 2, the power cables extending between the frames and the system cabinet are located in a cable duct in the above-ground space in which the frames and system cabinet are located. In Figs. 3 and 4, these power cables run underground in a basement and the frames and system cabinet are above ground. In Figs. 3 and 4, only analogue measurement signals are collected from track relays, so that only type of SIM modules are placed.
    All measures described or shown in the drawing constitute the subject of this invention per se or in any combination of one or more such measures.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1]
    A system or method for the wired transfer of data, under real time conditions, from a large number of digital and / or analogue measurement data sources, such as digital and / or analogue sensors, to a central unit for processing and / or storing said data data, such as a DPU (data processing unit) or a DAQD (data acquisition device), where the sources and the central unit are close to each other and form a system, preferably within a relay house or a relay box housing, which system is commercially associated is arranged alongside a railroad; preferably fitting within a base that is a maximum of 100 or 50 or 25 meters long and a maximum of 100 or 50 or 25 or 15 meters wide, and / or that are indoor or outdoor; the system is arranged for the signal transfer to be wired via an intermediate station or module, preferably a plurality of modules, wherein preferably a first group of a plurality of preferably at least ten sensors is data-communication connected to a first module via power wires or cables and a second group of a plurality of preferably at least ten sensors data-connected to a second module and the first and second modules connected to the central unit via data wires or cables, the sensors preferably up to either the first or the second group.
    [2]
    2. System or method according to claim 1, the housing comprises modules of at least two types and / or the first and second module are placed separately and preferably at a distance from each other, preferably at least 1 meter.
    [3]
    3. System or method according to claim 1 or 2, the housing contains one or more frames or racks containing the sensors, for a module one or more of the following applies: is associated with a single frame; is placed in or on a frame; is or is not the only module of the associated frame; for example at least two or three or four modules with the same frame.
    [4]
    4. System or method according to any of claims 1-3, the measuring wires running from the sensors in the direction of the central unit are connected to a module located in or on the frame and from this module a single communication cable runs in the direction of the central unit.
    [5]
    System or method according to any of claims 1-4, part of the functionality is, instead of in a system cabinet, accommodated in a rack of a relay housing or in a relay cabinet of a relay cabinet housing, which functionality is preferably accommodated in one or more modules.
    [6]
    A system or method according to any one of claims 1-5, with one or more of an FPGA (Field Programmed Gate Array), CPU (Central Processing Unit) or microcontroller and computer memory, which are mutually connected for data transfer operationally.
    [7]
    System or method according to any of claims 1-6, the housing comprises of one module type, for example digital type, at least two, three or four times as many modules than of the other module type, for example analog type.
    [8]
    System or method according to any of claims 1-7, arranged for a sampling frequency of at least 2 kS / s (1,000 samples per second) per channel and for at least 60 channels, with its own channel for each connected sensor.
    [9]
    9. System or method according to any of claims 1-8, the sampling rate of each sensor is at least 2000 measurement samples per second and the length of the data cables running from the frames to the central unit is at least 5 meters.
    [10]
    The system or method of any one of claims 1-9, and one or more of the following applies: the scan engine (e.g., Ethercat) runs on highest priority; use of the raw ethercat interface for more control over performance; use as little overhead as possible for the data, preferably 16 bits raw per channel instead of double (64 bits) per channel; of the dual core cpu one core is assigned to the ethercat processing; the ethercat processing has a high priority on the assigned core; a module is configured as a slave and the central unit as a master.
    [11]
    A system or method according to any of claims 1-10, for the frames one or more of the following applies: forming rows with mutual spacing so that a technician can move between the frames to access the components in the frames for example for repair work; is composed of juxtaposed, for example, separate frame parts, such as racks or relay boxes; the house contains at least 3 or 4 or 5 rows of frames; a frame is composed of at least 3 or 4 or 5 frame parts next to each other; is grounded or not; a relay box is and a rack is not earthed; Components placed in the frames, such as relays, sensors, modules, are not grounded.
    [12]
    12. System or method according to one of claims 1-11, for monitoring, the measuring wire is connected to a free contact of the component to be monitored, for example B-relays, and / or the component to be monitored is associated with a separate sensor of the system.
    [13]
    A system or method according to any one of claims 1-12, with digitalizing the signals from the sensors as close as possible to the sensors, preferably in or at the frames, by an A / D converter.
    [14]
    A system or method according to any one of claims 1-13, making the equipment directly connected to the sensors modular by using a module exclusively with inputs for digital or digital-like analog signals and a module with inputs for analog signals.
    [15]
    A system or method according to any one of claims 1-14, all sensors belonging to a respective frame are connected via data wires to the modules associated with the frame, these modules are connected via communication cables to the equipment (DPU) in the system cabinets, the PSU located in the system cabinets provides the electrical supply to the measuring and data processing equipment in the system cabinets and possibly frames.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    NL2018835B1|2018-02-14|
    EP3257718A1|2017-12-20|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    WO2006051355A1|2004-11-15|2006-05-18|Abb As|A control system, a method to operate a control system, a computer data signal and a graphical user interface for rail-borne vehicles|
    EP2549620A2|2011-07-22|2013-01-23|Siemens Schweiz AG|Device for operating decentralised functional units in an industrial assembly|
    EP3109125A1|2015-06-25|2016-12-28|Siemens Schweiz AG|System and method for supplying decentralised functional units with electric energy|EP3663162A1|2018-12-05|2020-06-10|VolkerWessels Intellectuele Eigendom B.V.|Guarding a railroad track for workplace security|
    RU193176U1|2018-12-28|2019-10-16|Открытое акционерное общество "Объединенные электротехнические заводы" |STIVER UNIVERSAL RELAY |
    法律状态:
    2020-03-25| PD| Change of ownership|Owner name: VOLKERWESSELS INTELLECTUELE EIGENDOM B.V.; NL Free format text: DETAILS ASSIGNMENT: CHANGE OF OWNER(S), ASSIGNMENT; FORMER OWNER NAME: VOLKERRAIL NEDERLAND B.V. Effective date: 20200317 |
    2022-01-05| MM| Lapsed because of non-payment of the annual fee|Effective date: 20210601 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    NL2016734|2016-05-05|
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